Confusing wording aside, campuses often act as miniature cities in and among themselves, and thus are extensions of the state(s) in which they reside. Indeed, "In 1997, the court ruled that a federal gun-control law violated the Tenth Amendment’s separation of powers. In his majority opinion in Printz v. United States, Antonin Scalia wrote that the Tenth Amendment prohibited the federal government from “commandeering” the cooperation of state governments in enforcing federal law." Thus, attempts at cutting federal funding to any sanctuary site (campus of otherwise) for not complying with a federal law would violate the 10th Amendment and Supreme Court precedent.