Countering Iran's Destabilizing Activities Act of 2017 This bill directs the Departments of State, Defense, and Treasury and the Director of National Intelligence to submit a strategy every two years for deterring conventional and asymmetric Iranian activities that threaten the United States and key allies. The President shall impose specified sanctions against: (1) any person that materially contributes to Iran's ballistic missile or weapons of mass destruction programs, and (2) Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and affiliated foreign persons. The President may impose specified sanctions against any person responsible for extrajudicial killings or other gross violations of internationally recognized human rights committed against individuals in Iran. The President shall submit for congressional review certain proposed actions to terminate or waive sanctions with respect to the Russian Federation. The President may waive specified cyber- and Ukraine-related sanctions. Specified executive order sanctions against Russia shall remain in effect. The bill provides sanctions for activities concerning: (1) cybersecurity, (2) crude oil projects, (3) financial institutions, (4) corruption, (5) human rights abuses, (6) evasion of sanctions, (7) transactions with Russian defense or intelligence sectors, (8) export pipelines, (9) privatization of state-owned assets by government officials, and (10) arms transfers to Syria. The provisions of this bill shall not apply to National Aeronautics and Space Administration activities. The bill authorizes FY2018-FY2019 appropriations for: (1) the Countering Russian Influence Fund, and (2) energy security in Ukraine. The State Department shall work with the government of Ukraine to increase Ukraine's energy security and decrease its reliance on Russian energy imports. The bill: (1) directs Treasury to develop a national strategy for combating the financing of terrorism, and (2) includes the Secretary of the Treasury on the National Security Council.